Incased concrete piling.



G. -W.. NOBLE. INsED CONCRETE FILING.

APPLICATION IIED JULY 17,1912. 1 27,08 1 Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

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G. W. NOBLE. INcAsBD coNoaETE FILING.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

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APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1912.

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INCASED CONCRETE FILING.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17,1912.

WIT/VESSES W www. *www UNITED STATES OFFICE.

GEORGE W. NOBLE, OF NEW YOnK, N. Y., AssiGNoR To JOHN SIMMONS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK,

INCASED CONCRETE PILING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Application led July 17, 1912. Serial No. 709,957.

To all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. Noemi, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brookyn, city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New Iork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Incased Concrete Piling, of Which the followingr is a specification. n l

My invention relates to certaln improvements in the construction of incased concrete piling. In this work, a tubular section, usually of iron or steel, is driven into the ground nearly flush with the surface, and then, when needed, another similar section superposed thereon is secured in alinement therewith in such a manner as to leave the exterior substantially free from obstructive projections and then likewise driven into the earth, and so on until the continuous pile casing thus formed reaches rock or a depth sufficient to give the desired support. The earth in the interior of the casing is then Washed out or otherwise removed, and the casing then lled with cement or concrete which hardens and forms with the tubular casing the incased pile.

My invention consists in locking the inflexible internal sleeve, Whose ends are fitted within the abuttingr ends of the inflexible metallic casing sections to hold them in alinement, positively to one of said casing sections by means of a stud, rib, tongue or other catch, so that the sleeve and concrete filling will be held against endwise and rotary displacement in either direction in the casing positively and without the necessity of any end stop on the other casing section, Substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I shall first describe in detail the mode in which I carry the same into practice and then point out its various features in the claim.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification in which similar parts are designated by like numbers in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents in sectional elevation n, concrete pile casing constructed of several sections in accordance with my invention, driven into the earth. Fig. 2 similarl represents the same pile caslng filled with7 concrete, and also containing the pipe for washing ont the earth. @Quad the driving shoe. Fi 3 represents in enlarged elevation, part y in section, means for securing the casing sections in alinement in accordance with my invention. Fig. 4 represents in enlarged sectional elevation the driving cap for the upperend of the casing, constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 5 represents in enlarged sectional elevation, the driving shoe of the cascuring abutting sections of the casing in alinement. Fig. 9 is a sectional plan View on the line 10-10 Fig. 8. Fig. 10 represents in enlarged sectional elevation still another form of my improved means for securing abutting sections of the casing in alinement. Fig. 11. isa sectional plan view on the line 12-12, Fig. 10. Fig. 12 represents in sectional elevation the pile casinar driven into the earth and containing mv improved reinforcement for the concrete filling. Fig. 13 is an enlarged sectional plan view of the casing containingr the concrete thus reinforced.

In the performance of mv invention. I provide a number of plain tubular sections 15. preferably of iron and steel, substantiallv free from exterior proiections and of equal diameter throughout so that they can e driven or sunken into the ground hy the plle driver or other usual means for this purpose. The pile casing is formed mainlv of one or more of these tubular sections 15 as reouired. secured in alinement 'end to end in such manner that the whole can he driven truly and without buckling into the ground like a single pipe.

In some soils like sand, the lower end of the bottom or leading section 15 may be left open and the soil removed from the interior of the casing by Washing out or in any other suitable way, but where a driving point is desired, I provide the leading section 15 with a shoe 16, preferably of cast iron or steel, tapering to a point 17 as shown enlarged in Fig. 6. To provide for washing casing` I form an interiorly threaded vertif cal hole 18, leading from the cavity 19 in 5 the upper end of the shoe, to a transverse bere 20, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5, opening outward on both sides of the point or shoe, and screw into said hole 18 the lower end of a small pipe 21 introduced into the casing from the top, so that water under pressure can be forced out of the sides of the point 17 to wash out or loosen the soil around said point. In some instances I may continue the pipe hole 18 downward vertically through the extreme point 17 of the shoe, as shown in Fig. 7; so the water will emerge from the extremity of the point 17. Y

To hold the shoe 16 firmly in the lower end of' the leading section 15, and prevent the entrance of soll into the casing through the joint, I form the upper end of the shoe with a neck 22, rising from an annular shoulder 23, which is of the same diameter as or slightly larger in diameter than the section 15, and introduce the neck 22 into the lower end of the section 15 preferably with a driving fit, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 12.

Where the casing consists of two or more sections 15, to give it the required length, as shown, it is often desirable or convenient that the interiorly fitted sleeve 24, by which the abutting ends of the sections 15 are held in alincment, be positively locked in place in the end of one section only, instead of merely stopped or limited from endwise displacement by means of interior stops on both sections between which the sleeve is located. as illustrated for example in United States Letters Patent to John Kenny dated May 31, 1912, No. 959,546. To accomplish this result, I may form an interior stud 25, preferably on the upper end of the lower section 15, by indenting the section with a pointed tool to form a nipple as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, or by fixing a rivet or stud or other suitable projection on the interior of said section while its upper end is above the ground, and having previously formed the lower end of the sleeve 24 with a bayonet or spiralgroove 26, or it may be a slot, with a tapering mouth 27 opening at the lower end of the sleeve, I insert the said lower end of the sleeve 24 in the upper end of the section 15, until the mouth 27 finds the stud or projection 25, and then by turning the sleeve. tightly lock the stud 25 in the groove 26 and thus lock the sleeve against movement endwise and rotatively in the section 15. The lower end of the upper section 15 being then introduced over the projecting upper end of the sleeve and seated against the upper end of the lower section 15, will be held firmly in alinernent therewith, so that both sections can be driven as one, and yet the upper section can be withdrawn, if desired for any reason, without displacing the sleeve 24 in the lower section. In some situations also, I find it desirable and convenient to lock the lower end of the sleeve 24 in the upper end of the lower or sleeve-holding section 15, by first drivingor placing the lower end of the sleeve 21 therein and then indenting both the section 15 and sleeve 24 from the outside with a suitable tool to form either permanently engaged and interlocked nipples 29 and 30, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or permanently engaged and interlocked, peripheral ribs 31 and 32, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. For driving the casing thus formed evenly and without breaking or distorting the upper end of the top section 15, I use 'a driving cap, as shown in Fig. 4, formed with a neck 33, preferably of iron or steel, to fit singly but removably within the upper end of the upper section 15, and depending from a peripheral shoulder 34, to sit evenly upon the upper edge of the tubular casing and communicate the force of the pile driver thereto uniformly on all sides.

Better to avoid upsetting, splitting or distorting the upper edge of the casing, I form the head 34 of the driving cap with a peripheral downwardly opening channel 35 whose inner wall is by preference a continuation of the outer surface of the cylindrical neck 33. In this channel I seat fixedly an annular block 36, by preference of bard wood, the lower circular edge of which block forms part of the driving shoulder 34, and bearing on the upper edge of the casing, communicates the force of the pile driver thereto without danger of upsetting or breaking the upper edge of the casing, as before stated. The driving cap is by preference formed with apertures 40 for handling it.

As some users of this form of' incased concrete piling are afraid that the tubular metal casing may in time corrode or disintegrate in some situations, leaving the concrete filling alone to support the superincumbent weight, I provide, to meet this situation, a special form of reinforcement for the concrete filling, consisting essentially, as exampled in Figs. 12 and 13. of a number of vertical metal or other suitable rods 37 tied together and spaced apart by horizontal gratings 38 at intervals, which rods are placed in position in the casing before the concrete or cement is poured therein, and are supported in their proper position by the outer ends or edges of the gratings fitting loosely within the wall of the tubular casing. The tubular casing thus formed, and if desired, shed and reinforced as described, having been driven into the ground to the desired depth, it is filled with the Huid cement or concrete. This concrete or cement fills and hardens in the cavity in and above the driving shoe, if used; in and between the sleeves securing the casing sections in alinement; in and around the bayonet-shaped, stud-like, rib-like, or other interior locking projections on the casing or sleeves; and in, between and around the reinforcing rods and gratings, if used, and thus strongly unites the casing and all its parts to the solid concrete core which it forms, thus making a pile of great strength and durability and of exceptional simplicity, convenience and economy.

Having thus described my invention and the mode in which it is carried into practice, I claim as my invention:

A composite pipe consisting of superposed inflexible metallic casing sections, an inflexible metallic sleeve having its ends fitted within the abutting ends of the casing sections, and a filling of cement or concrete, the side of one end of the sleeve being struck in to form an exterior locking depression, and the side of the corresponding end of the casing section being struck in to form an interior projection engaging said locking depression and locking,r said sleeve to said casing section against both endwise and rotary displacement therein.

GEORGE W. NOBLE.

In presence of- CLARENCE L. BURGER, M. F. YOUNG.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,127,081, granted February 2,

1915, upon the application of George W. Noble, of New York, N. Y., for an improvement in Ineased Concrete Piling, an error appears in the printed specieation requiring correction as follows: Page 3, line 18, for the word pipe" read pibe; and that, the proper corrections have been made in the tile@Y and records of tliib` office and are hereby| made in .said Letters Patent.

Signed and sealed this 16th day of' February, A. D., 1915.

[SEAL] J. T. NEWTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

